Vendor OpenClaw source as Adolf fork baseline

Adolf is a fork/vendored clone of github.com/openclaw/openclaw (v2026.6.11),
free to diverge. Tree copied sans upstream .git; upstream remote added for
future syncs. Node pinned to 24 (.nvmrc); engines already require >=22.19.
Preserves docs/ARCHITECTURE.md.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01LeqyaxJF2nbRXJtae2kNB2

apps/ios/Sources/Screen/ScreenController.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,320 @@
+import Observation
+import OpenClawKit
+import UIKit
+import WebKit
+
+@MainActor
+@Observable
+final class ScreenController {
+    private weak var activeWebView: WKWebView?
+
+    var urlString: String = ""
+    var errorText: String?
+    var isCanvasPresented: Bool = false
+
+    /// Callback invoked when an openclaw:// deep link is tapped in the canvas
+    var onDeepLink: ((URL) -> Void)?
+
+    /// Callback invoked when the user clicks an A2UI action (e.g. button) inside the canvas web UI.
+    var onA2UIAction: (([String: Any]) -> Void)?
+
+    private var debugStatusEnabled: Bool = false
+    private var debugStatusTitle: String?
+    private var debugStatusSubtitle: String?
+    private var homeCanvasStateJSON: String?
+
+    init() {
+        self.reload()
+    }
+
+    func navigate(to urlString: String, trustA2UIActions _: Bool = false) {
+        let trimmed = urlString.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+        if trimmed.isEmpty {
+            self.urlString = ""
+            self.reload()
+            return
+        }
+        if let url = URL(string: trimmed),
+           !url.isFileURL,
+           let host = url.host,
+           LoopbackHost.isLoopback(host)
+        {
+            // Never try to load loopback URLs from a remote gateway.
+            self.showDefaultCanvas()
+            return
+        }
+        self.urlString = (trimmed == "/" ? "" : trimmed)
+        self.reload()
+    }
+
+    func reload() {
+        self.applyScrollBehavior()
+        guard let webView = self.activeWebView else { return }
+
+        let trimmed = self.urlString.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+        if trimmed.isEmpty {
+            guard let url = Self.canvasScaffoldURL else { return }
+            self.errorText = nil
+            webView.loadFileURL(url, allowingReadAccessTo: url.deletingLastPathComponent())
+            return
+        }
+
+        guard let url = URL(string: trimmed) else {
+            self.errorText = "Invalid URL: \(trimmed)"
+            return
+        }
+        self.errorText = nil
+        if url.isFileURL {
+            webView.loadFileURL(url, allowingReadAccessTo: url.deletingLastPathComponent())
+        } else {
+            webView.load(URLRequest(url: url))
+        }
+    }
+
+    func showDefaultCanvas() {
+        self.urlString = ""
+        self.reload()
+    }
+
+    func presentDefaultCanvas() {
+        self.isCanvasPresented = true
+        self.showDefaultCanvas()
+    }
+
+    func present(urlString: String) {
+        self.isCanvasPresented = true
+        self.navigate(to: urlString)
+    }
+
+    func hideCanvas() {
+        self.isCanvasPresented = false
+        self.showDefaultCanvas()
+    }
+
+    func showLocalA2UI() {
+        self.isCanvasPresented = true
+        guard let url = Self.localA2UIURL else {
+            self.showDefaultCanvas()
+            return
+        }
+        self.urlString = url.absoluteString
+        self.reload()
+    }
+
+    func isShowingLocalA2UI() -> Bool {
+        guard let url = URL(string: self.urlString),
+              url.isFileURL,
+              let expected = Self.localA2UIURL
+        else { return false }
+        return url.standardizedFileURL == expected.standardizedFileURL
+    }
+
+    func setDebugStatusEnabled(_ enabled: Bool) {
+        self.debugStatusEnabled = enabled
+        self.applyDebugStatusIfNeeded()
+    }
+
+    func updateDebugStatus(title: String?, subtitle: String?) {
+        self.debugStatusTitle = title
+        self.debugStatusSubtitle = subtitle
+        self.applyDebugStatusIfNeeded()
+    }
+
+    func applyDebugStatusIfNeeded() {
+        guard let webView = self.activeWebView else { return }
+        WebViewJavaScriptSupport.applyDebugStatus(
+            webView: webView,
+            enabled: self.debugStatusEnabled,
+            title: self.debugStatusTitle,
+            subtitle: self.debugStatusSubtitle)
+    }
+
+    func updateHomeCanvasState(json: String?) {
+        self.homeCanvasStateJSON = json
+        self.applyHomeCanvasStateIfNeeded()
+    }
+
+    func applyHomeCanvasStateIfNeeded() {
+        guard let webView = self.activeWebView else { return }
+        let payload = self.homeCanvasStateJSON ?? "null"
+        let js = """
+        (() => {
+          try {
+            const api = globalThis.__openclaw;
+            if (!api || typeof api.renderHome !== 'function') return;
+            api.renderHome(\(payload));
+          } catch (_) {}
+        })()
+        """
+        webView.evaluateJavaScript(js) { _, _ in }
+    }
+
+    func waitForA2UIReady(timeoutMs: Int) async -> Bool {
+        let clock = ContinuousClock()
+        let deadline = clock.now.advanced(by: .milliseconds(timeoutMs))
+        while clock.now < deadline {
+            do {
+                let res = try await self.eval(javaScript: """
+                (() => {
+                  try {
+                    const host = globalThis.openclawA2UI;
+                    return !!host && typeof host.applyMessages === 'function';
+                  } catch (_) { return false; }
+                })()
+                """)
+                let trimmed = res.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines).lowercased()
+                if trimmed == "true" || trimmed == "1" { return true }
+            } catch {
+                // ignore; page likely still loading
+            }
+            try? await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: 120_000_000)
+        }
+        return false
+    }
+
+    func eval(javaScript: String) async throws -> String {
+        guard let webView = self.activeWebView else {
+            throw NSError(domain: "Screen", code: 3, userInfo: [
+                NSLocalizedDescriptionKey: "web view unavailable",
+            ])
+        }
+        return try await WebViewJavaScriptSupport.evaluateToString(webView: webView, javaScript: javaScript)
+    }
+
+    func snapshotBase64(
+        maxWidth: CGFloat? = nil,
+        format: OpenClawCanvasSnapshotFormat,
+        quality: Double? = nil) async throws -> String
+    {
+        let image = try await self.snapshotImage(maxWidth: maxWidth)
+
+        let data: Data?
+        switch format {
+        case .png:
+            data = image.pngData()
+        case .jpeg:
+            let q = (quality ?? 0.82).clamped(to: 0.1...1.0)
+            data = image.jpegData(compressionQuality: q)
+        }
+        guard let data else {
+            throw NSError(domain: "Screen", code: 1, userInfo: [
+                NSLocalizedDescriptionKey: "snapshot encode failed",
+            ])
+        }
+        return data.base64EncodedString()
+    }
+
+    private func snapshotImage(maxWidth: CGFloat?) async throws -> UIImage {
+        let config = WKSnapshotConfiguration()
+        if let maxWidth {
+            config.snapshotWidth = NSNumber(value: Double(maxWidth))
+        }
+        guard let webView = self.activeWebView else {
+            throw NSError(domain: "Screen", code: 3, userInfo: [
+                NSLocalizedDescriptionKey: "web view unavailable",
+            ])
+        }
+        return try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation { cont in
+            webView.takeSnapshot(with: config) { image, error in
+                if let error {
+                    cont.resume(throwing: error)
+                    return
+                }
+                guard let image else {
+                    cont.resume(throwing: NSError(domain: "Screen", code: 2, userInfo: [
+                        NSLocalizedDescriptionKey: "snapshot failed",
+                    ]))
+                    return
+                }
+                cont.resume(returning: image)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    func attachWebView(_ webView: WKWebView) {
+        self.activeWebView = webView
+        self.reload()
+        self.applyDebugStatusIfNeeded()
+        self.applyHomeCanvasStateIfNeeded()
+    }
+
+    func detachWebView(_ webView: WKWebView) {
+        guard self.activeWebView === webView else { return }
+        self.activeWebView = nil
+    }
+
+    private static func bundledResourceURL(
+        name: String,
+        ext: String,
+        subdirectory: String)
+        -> URL?
+    {
+        let bundle = OpenClawKitResources.bundle
+        return bundle.url(forResource: name, withExtension: ext, subdirectory: subdirectory)
+            ?? bundle.url(forResource: name, withExtension: ext)
+    }
+
+    private static let canvasScaffoldURL: URL? = ScreenController.bundledResourceURL(
+        name: "scaffold",
+        ext: "html",
+        subdirectory: "CanvasScaffold")
+
+    private static let localA2UIURL: URL? = ScreenController.bundledResourceURL(
+        name: "index",
+        ext: "html",
+        subdirectory: "CanvasA2UI")
+
+    func isTrustedCanvasUIURL(_ url: URL) -> Bool {
+        if url.isFileURL {
+            let std = url.standardizedFileURL
+            if let expected = Self.canvasScaffoldURL,
+               std == expected.standardizedFileURL
+            {
+                return true
+            }
+            if let expected = Self.localA2UIURL,
+               std == expected.standardizedFileURL
+            {
+                return true
+            }
+            return false
+        }
+        return false
+    }
+
+    nonisolated static func parseA2UIActionBody(_ body: Any) -> [String: Any]? {
+        if let dict = body as? [String: Any] { return dict.isEmpty ? nil : dict }
+        if let str = body as? String,
+           let data = str.data(using: .utf8),
+           let json = try? JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data) as? [String: Any]
+        {
+            return json.isEmpty ? nil : json
+        }
+        if let dict = body as? [AnyHashable: Any] {
+            let mapped = dict.reduce(into: [String: Any]()) { acc, pair in
+                guard let key = pair.key as? String else { return }
+                acc[key] = pair.value
+            }
+            return mapped.isEmpty ? nil : mapped
+        }
+        return nil
+    }
+
+    private func applyScrollBehavior() {
+        guard let webView = self.activeWebView else { return }
+        let trimmed = self.urlString.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+        let allowScroll = !trimmed.isEmpty
+        let scrollView = webView.scrollView
+        // Default canvas needs raw touch events; external pages should scroll.
+        scrollView.isScrollEnabled = allowScroll
+        scrollView.bounces = allowScroll
+    }
+}
+
+extension Double {
+    fileprivate func clamped(to range: ClosedRange<Double>) -> Double {
+        if self < range.lowerBound { return range.lowerBound }
+        if self > range.upperBound { return range.upperBound }
+        return self
+    }
+}

apps/ios/Sources/Screen/ScreenRecordService.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,386 @@
+import AVFoundation
+import OpenClawKit
+import ReplayKit
+
+final class ScreenRecordService: @unchecked Sendable {
+    typealias CaptureHandler = @Sendable (CMSampleBuffer, RPSampleBufferType, Error?) -> Void
+    typealias CaptureCompletion = @Sendable (Error?) -> Void
+
+    private struct UncheckedSendableBox<T>: @unchecked Sendable {
+        let value: T
+    }
+
+    private final class CaptureState: @unchecked Sendable {
+        private let lock = NSLock()
+        var writer: AVAssetWriter?
+        var videoInput: AVAssetWriterInput?
+        var audioInput: AVAssetWriterInput?
+        var started = false
+        var sawVideo = false
+        var lastVideoTime: CMTime?
+        var handlerError: Error?
+
+        func withLock<T>(_ body: (CaptureState) -> T) -> T {
+            self.lock.lock()
+            defer { lock.unlock() }
+            return body(self)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private let startReplayKitCaptureAction: @Sendable (
+        Bool,
+        @escaping CaptureHandler,
+        @escaping CaptureCompletion)
+        -> Void
+    private let stopReplayKitCaptureAction: @Sendable (@escaping CaptureCompletion) -> Void
+
+    init(
+        startReplayKitCaptureAction: @escaping @Sendable (
+            Bool,
+            @escaping CaptureHandler,
+            @escaping CaptureCompletion)
+            -> Void = { includeAudio, handler, completion in
+                Task { @MainActor in
+                    startReplayKitCapture(
+                        includeAudio: includeAudio,
+                        handler: handler,
+                        completion: completion)
+                }
+            },
+        stopReplayKitCaptureAction: @escaping @Sendable (@escaping CaptureCompletion) -> Void = { completion in
+            Task { @MainActor in
+                stopReplayKitCapture(completion)
+            }
+        })
+    {
+        self.startReplayKitCaptureAction = startReplayKitCaptureAction
+        self.stopReplayKitCaptureAction = stopReplayKitCaptureAction
+    }
+
+    enum ScreenRecordError: LocalizedError {
+        case invalidScreenIndex(Int)
+        case captureFailed(String)
+        case writeFailed(String)
+
+        var errorDescription: String? {
+            switch self {
+            case let .invalidScreenIndex(idx):
+                "Invalid screen index \(idx)"
+            case let .captureFailed(msg):
+                msg
+            case let .writeFailed(msg):
+                msg
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    func record(
+        screenIndex: Int?,
+        durationMs: Int?,
+        fps: Double?,
+        includeAudio: Bool?,
+        outPath: String?) async throws -> String
+    {
+        let config = try self.makeRecordConfig(
+            screenIndex: screenIndex,
+            durationMs: durationMs,
+            fps: fps,
+            includeAudio: includeAudio,
+            outPath: outPath)
+
+        let state = CaptureState()
+        let recordQueue = DispatchQueue(label: "ai.openclawfoundation.app.screenrecord")
+
+        try await self.startCapture(state: state, config: config, recordQueue: recordQueue)
+        do {
+            try await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: UInt64(config.durationMs) * 1_000_000)
+        } catch {
+            try? await self.stopCapture()
+            throw error
+        }
+        try await self.stopCapture()
+        try self.finalizeCapture(state: state)
+        try await self.finishWriting(state: state)
+
+        return config.outURL.path
+    }
+
+    private struct RecordConfig {
+        let durationMs: Int
+        let fpsValue: Double
+        let includeAudio: Bool
+        let outURL: URL
+    }
+
+    private func makeRecordConfig(
+        screenIndex: Int?,
+        durationMs: Int?,
+        fps: Double?,
+        includeAudio: Bool?,
+        outPath: String?) throws -> RecordConfig
+    {
+        if let idx = screenIndex, idx != 0 {
+            throw ScreenRecordError.invalidScreenIndex(idx)
+        }
+
+        let durationMs = CaptureRateLimits.clampDurationMs(durationMs)
+        let fps = CaptureRateLimits.clampFps(fps, maxFps: 30)
+        let fpsInt = Int32(fps.rounded())
+        let fpsValue = Double(fpsInt)
+        let includeAudio = includeAudio ?? true
+
+        let outURL = self.makeOutputURL(outPath: outPath)
+        try? FileManager().removeItem(at: outURL)
+
+        return RecordConfig(
+            durationMs: durationMs,
+            fpsValue: fpsValue,
+            includeAudio: includeAudio,
+            outURL: outURL)
+    }
+
+    private func makeOutputURL(outPath: String?) -> URL {
+        if let outPath, !outPath.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines).isEmpty {
+            return URL(fileURLWithPath: outPath)
+        }
+        return FileManager().temporaryDirectory
+            .appendingPathComponent("openclaw-screen-record-\(UUID().uuidString).mp4")
+    }
+
+    private func startCapture(
+        state: CaptureState,
+        config: RecordConfig,
+        recordQueue: DispatchQueue) async throws
+    {
+        try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation { (cont: CheckedContinuation<Void, Error>) in
+            let handler = self.makeCaptureHandler(
+                state: state,
+                config: config,
+                recordQueue: recordQueue)
+            let completion: @Sendable (Error?) -> Void = { error in
+                if let error { cont.resume(throwing: error) } else { cont.resume() }
+            }
+
+            self.startReplayKitCaptureAction(
+                config.includeAudio,
+                handler,
+                completion)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func makeCaptureHandler(
+        state: CaptureState,
+        config: RecordConfig,
+        recordQueue: DispatchQueue) -> @Sendable (CMSampleBuffer, RPSampleBufferType, Error?) -> Void
+    {
+        { sample, type, error in
+            let sampleBox = UncheckedSendableBox(value: sample)
+            // ReplayKit can call the capture handler on a background queue.
+            // Serialize writes to avoid queue asserts.
+            recordQueue.async {
+                let sample = sampleBox.value
+                if let error {
+                    state.withLock { state in
+                        if state.handlerError == nil { state.handlerError = error }
+                    }
+                    return
+                }
+                guard CMSampleBufferDataIsReady(sample) else { return }
+
+                switch type {
+                case .video:
+                    self.handleVideoSample(sample, state: state, config: config)
+                case .audioApp, .audioMic:
+                    self.handleAudioSample(sample, state: state, includeAudio: config.includeAudio)
+                @unknown default:
+                    break
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func handleVideoSample(
+        _ sample: CMSampleBuffer,
+        state: CaptureState,
+        config: RecordConfig)
+    {
+        let pts = CMSampleBufferGetPresentationTimeStamp(sample)
+        let shouldSkip = state.withLock { state in
+            if let lastVideoTime = state.lastVideoTime {
+                let delta = CMTimeSubtract(pts, lastVideoTime)
+                return delta.seconds < (1.0 / config.fpsValue)
+            }
+            return false
+        }
+        if shouldSkip { return }
+
+        if state.withLock({ $0.writer == nil }) {
+            self.prepareWriter(sample: sample, state: state, config: config, pts: pts)
+        }
+
+        let vInput = state.withLock { $0.videoInput }
+        let isStarted = state.withLock { $0.started }
+        guard let vInput, isStarted else { return }
+        if vInput.isReadyForMoreMediaData {
+            if vInput.append(sample) {
+                state.withLock { state in
+                    state.sawVideo = true
+                    state.lastVideoTime = pts
+                }
+            } else {
+                let err = state.withLock { $0.writer?.error }
+                if let err {
+                    state.withLock { state in
+                        if state.handlerError == nil {
+                            state.handlerError = ScreenRecordError.writeFailed(err.localizedDescription)
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func prepareWriter(
+        sample: CMSampleBuffer,
+        state: CaptureState,
+        config: RecordConfig,
+        pts: CMTime)
+    {
+        guard let imageBuffer = CMSampleBufferGetImageBuffer(sample) else {
+            state.withLock { state in
+                if state.handlerError == nil {
+                    state.handlerError = ScreenRecordError.captureFailed("Missing image buffer")
+                }
+            }
+            return
+        }
+        let width = CVPixelBufferGetWidth(imageBuffer)
+        let height = CVPixelBufferGetHeight(imageBuffer)
+        do {
+            let writer = try AVAssetWriter(outputURL: config.outURL, fileType: .mp4)
+            let settings: [String: Any] = [
+                AVVideoCodecKey: AVVideoCodecType.h264,
+                AVVideoWidthKey: width,
+                AVVideoHeightKey: height,
+            ]
+            let vInput = AVAssetWriterInput(mediaType: .video, outputSettings: settings)
+            vInput.expectsMediaDataInRealTime = true
+            guard writer.canAdd(vInput) else {
+                throw ScreenRecordError.writeFailed("Cannot add video input")
+            }
+            writer.add(vInput)
+
+            if config.includeAudio {
+                let aInput = AVAssetWriterInput(mediaType: .audio, outputSettings: nil)
+                aInput.expectsMediaDataInRealTime = true
+                if writer.canAdd(aInput) {
+                    writer.add(aInput)
+                    state.withLock { state in
+                        state.audioInput = aInput
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            guard writer.startWriting() else {
+                throw ScreenRecordError.writeFailed(
+                    writer.error?.localizedDescription ?? "Failed to start writer")
+            }
+            writer.startSession(atSourceTime: pts)
+            state.withLock { state in
+                state.writer = writer
+                state.videoInput = vInput
+                state.started = true
+            }
+        } catch {
+            state.withLock { state in
+                if state.handlerError == nil { state.handlerError = error }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func handleAudioSample(
+        _ sample: CMSampleBuffer,
+        state: CaptureState,
+        includeAudio: Bool)
+    {
+        let aInput = state.withLock { $0.audioInput }
+        let isStarted = state.withLock { $0.started }
+        guard includeAudio, let aInput, isStarted else { return }
+        if aInput.isReadyForMoreMediaData {
+            _ = aInput.append(sample)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func stopCapture() async throws {
+        let stopError = await withCheckedContinuation { cont in
+            self.stopReplayKitCaptureAction { error in
+                cont.resume(returning: error)
+            }
+        }
+        if let stopError { throw stopError }
+    }
+
+    private func finalizeCapture(state: CaptureState) throws {
+        if let handlerErrorSnapshot = state.withLock({ $0.handlerError }) {
+            throw handlerErrorSnapshot
+        }
+        let writerSnapshot = state.withLock { $0.writer }
+        let videoInputSnapshot = state.withLock { $0.videoInput }
+        let audioInputSnapshot = state.withLock { $0.audioInput }
+        let sawVideoSnapshot = state.withLock { $0.sawVideo }
+        guard let writerSnapshot, let videoInputSnapshot, sawVideoSnapshot else {
+            throw ScreenRecordError.captureFailed("No frames captured")
+        }
+
+        videoInputSnapshot.markAsFinished()
+        audioInputSnapshot?.markAsFinished()
+        _ = writerSnapshot
+    }
+
+    private func finishWriting(state: CaptureState) async throws {
+        guard let writerSnapshot = state.withLock({ $0.writer }) else {
+            throw ScreenRecordError.captureFailed("Missing writer")
+        }
+        let writerBox = UncheckedSendableBox(value: writerSnapshot)
+        try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation { (cont: CheckedContinuation<Void, Error>) in
+            writerBox.value.finishWriting {
+                let writer = writerBox.value
+                if let err = writer.error {
+                    cont.resume(throwing: ScreenRecordError.writeFailed(err.localizedDescription))
+                } else if writer.status != .completed {
+                    cont.resume(throwing: ScreenRecordError.writeFailed("Failed to finalize video"))
+                } else {
+                    cont.resume()
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+@MainActor
+private func startReplayKitCapture(
+    includeAudio: Bool,
+    handler: @escaping @Sendable (CMSampleBuffer, RPSampleBufferType, Error?) -> Void,
+    completion: @escaping @Sendable (Error?) -> Void)
+{
+    let recorder = RPScreenRecorder.shared()
+    recorder.isMicrophoneEnabled = includeAudio
+    recorder.startCapture(handler: handler, completionHandler: completion)
+}
+
+@MainActor
+private func stopReplayKitCapture(_ completion: @escaping @Sendable (Error?) -> Void) {
+    RPScreenRecorder.shared().stopCapture { error in completion(error) }
+}
+
+#if DEBUG
+extension ScreenRecordService {
+    nonisolated static func _test_clampDurationMs(_ ms: Int?) -> Int {
+        CaptureRateLimits.clampDurationMs(ms)
+    }
+
+    nonisolated static func _test_clampFps(_ fps: Double?) -> Double {
+        CaptureRateLimits.clampFps(fps, maxFps: 30)
+    }
+}
+#endif

apps/ios/Sources/Screen/ScreenWebView.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+import OpenClawKit
+import SwiftUI
+import WebKit
+
+struct ScreenWebView: UIViewRepresentable {
+    var controller: ScreenController
+
+    func makeCoordinator() -> ScreenWebViewCoordinator {
+        ScreenWebViewCoordinator(controller: self.controller)
+    }
+
+    func makeUIView(context: Context) -> UIView {
+        context.coordinator.makeContainerView()
+    }
+
+    func updateUIView(_: UIView, context: Context) {
+        context.coordinator.updateController(self.controller)
+    }
+
+    static func dismantleUIView(_: UIView, coordinator: ScreenWebViewCoordinator) {
+        coordinator.teardown()
+    }
+}
+
+@MainActor
+final class ScreenWebViewCoordinator: NSObject {
+    private weak var controller: ScreenController?
+    private let navigationDelegate = ScreenNavigationDelegate()
+    private let a2uiActionHandler = CanvasA2UIActionMessageHandler()
+    private let userContentController = WKUserContentController()
+
+    private(set) var managedWebView: WKWebView?
+    private weak var containerView: UIView?
+
+    init(controller: ScreenController) {
+        self.controller = controller
+        super.init()
+        self.navigationDelegate.controller = controller
+        self.a2uiActionHandler.controller = controller
+    }
+
+    func makeContainerView() -> UIView {
+        if let containerView {
+            return containerView
+        }
+
+        let container = UIView(frame: .zero)
+        container.backgroundColor = .black
+
+        let webView = Self.makeWebView(userContentController: self.userContentController)
+        webView.navigationDelegate = self.navigationDelegate
+        self.installA2UIHandlers()
+
+        webView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
+        container.addSubview(webView)
+        NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
+            webView.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: container.leadingAnchor),
+            webView.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: container.trailingAnchor),
+            webView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: container.topAnchor),
+            webView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: container.bottomAnchor),
+        ])
+
+        self.managedWebView = webView
+        self.containerView = container
+        self.controller?.attachWebView(webView)
+        return container
+    }
+
+    func updateController(_ controller: ScreenController) {
+        let previousController = self.controller
+        let controllerChanged = self.controller !== controller
+        self.controller = controller
+        self.navigationDelegate.controller = controller
+        self.a2uiActionHandler.controller = controller
+        if controllerChanged, let managedWebView {
+            previousController?.detachWebView(managedWebView)
+            controller.attachWebView(managedWebView)
+        }
+    }
+
+    func teardown() {
+        if let managedWebView {
+            self.controller?.detachWebView(managedWebView)
+            managedWebView.navigationDelegate = nil
+        }
+        self.removeA2UIHandlers()
+        self.navigationDelegate.controller = nil
+        self.a2uiActionHandler.controller = nil
+        self.managedWebView = nil
+        self.containerView = nil
+    }
+
+    private static func makeWebView(userContentController: WKUserContentController) -> WKWebView {
+        let config = WKWebViewConfiguration()
+        config.websiteDataStore = .nonPersistent()
+        config.userContentController = userContentController
+
+        let webView = WKWebView(frame: .zero, configuration: config)
+        // Canvas scaffold is a fully self-contained HTML page; avoid relying on transparency underlays.
+        webView.isOpaque = true
+        webView.backgroundColor = .black
+
+        let scrollView = webView.scrollView
+        scrollView.backgroundColor = .black
+        scrollView.contentInsetAdjustmentBehavior = .never
+        scrollView.contentInset = .zero
+        scrollView.scrollIndicatorInsets = .zero
+        scrollView.automaticallyAdjustsScrollIndicatorInsets = false
+
+        return webView
+    }
+
+    private func installA2UIHandlers() {
+        for name in CanvasA2UIActionMessageHandler.handlerNames {
+            self.userContentController.add(self.a2uiActionHandler, name: name)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func removeA2UIHandlers() {
+        for name in CanvasA2UIActionMessageHandler.handlerNames {
+            self.userContentController.removeScriptMessageHandler(forName: name)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// MARK: - Navigation Delegate
+
+/// Handles navigation policy to intercept OpenClaw deep links from canvas.
+@MainActor
+private final class ScreenNavigationDelegate: NSObject, WKNavigationDelegate {
+    weak var controller: ScreenController?
+
+    func webView(
+        _: WKWebView,
+        decidePolicyFor navigationAction: WKNavigationAction,
+        decisionHandler: @escaping @MainActor @Sendable (WKNavigationActionPolicy) -> Void)
+    {
+        guard let url = navigationAction.request.url else {
+            decisionHandler(.allow)
+            return
+        }
+
+        let scheme = url.scheme?.lowercased()
+        if scheme == "openclaw" || scheme == "openclaw-debug" {
+            decisionHandler(.cancel)
+            self.controller?.onDeepLink?(url)
+            return
+        }
+
+        decisionHandler(.allow)
+    }
+
+    func webView(
+        _: WKWebView,
+        didFailProvisionalNavigation _: WKNavigation?,
+        withError error: any Error)
+    {
+        self.controller?.errorText = error.localizedDescription
+    }
+
+    func webView(_: WKWebView, didFinish _: WKNavigation?) {
+        self.controller?.errorText = nil
+        self.controller?.applyDebugStatusIfNeeded()
+        self.controller?.applyHomeCanvasStateIfNeeded()
+    }
+
+    func webView(_: WKWebView, didFail _: WKNavigation?, withError error: any Error) {
+        self.controller?.errorText = error.localizedDescription
+    }
+}
+
+private final class CanvasA2UIActionMessageHandler: NSObject, WKScriptMessageHandler {
+    static let messageName = "openclawCanvasA2UIAction"
+    static let handlerNames = [messageName]
+
+    weak var controller: ScreenController?
+
+    func userContentController(_: WKUserContentController, didReceive message: WKScriptMessage) {
+        guard Self.handlerNames.contains(message.name) else { return }
+        guard let controller else { return }
+
+        guard let url = message.webView?.url else { return }
+        guard controller.isTrustedCanvasUIURL(url) else { return }
+
+        guard let body = ScreenController.parseA2UIActionBody(message.body) else { return }
+
+        controller.onA2UIAction?(body)
+    }
+}